Design of tubular high‐temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT‐PEM‐FCs): Development, challenges, and perspectives

Fuel cells (FCs) have gained a prominent position in recent years within the scientific community and energy market as an alternative to mitigate inherent problems production based on fossil fuels such constant reduction of nonrenewable resources, greenhouse gas emissions, climate change. The versatility high temperature (HT) proton exchange membrane (PEM) FCs, together with their efficiency potentially better performance compared counterparts, makes them excellent candidate accelerate transition more environmental friendly sources processes. In years, notable developments this technology been reported, focusing cell components planar arrangement, which is predominant design for all PEM-FCs. Alternative designs are lagging, even though tubular conical structures can eventually enhance power density, decrease sealing areas, reduce fabrication costs. A lack information regarding between geometries development evaluation process tedious challenging unconventional architectures. This manuscript describes novel HT-PEM-FC, pointing out challenges faced during component manufacturing proposed FC perspectives.